advise needed

I would like to be advised regarding the following (referring to Patrick, 2nd edition):

1) On page 311, line 3 from the bottom of the Result table: "format(my_date, 'dddd mmmm dd, yyyy' ) as my_date2", my question is why the column name of the result table view is MY_DATE instead of MY_DATE2?

2) On page 548, line 5 from the top: "from sec1306_fruits a, inner join..." for an inner join there is no comma after the table alias, so there should be a comma after the a ?

3) According to the Syllabus section of the Tutorial 101, chapter 14 (Outer joins) is excluded from our module syllabus, but in the chapter 17 and even in the assignment (assign 2 question 1.10) the left outer join and right outer join concepts are involved. What extent of these concepts should I grasp accordingly?